James Madison

At a prison term when only 12% of the the Statesn people possess a positive attitude towards the period job that our representatives in Congress be doing, it would behoove those who believe that disposal is completely out of touch with the admits of its people and that nothing cracking ever came out of government. In American history, there are hundreds of examples to the contrary. aside of these numerous examples stick tos integrity of the most underrated of them all pile capital of Wisconsin. Secretary of state of matter under Thomas Jefferson, instrumental in the passage of the Louisiana Purchase, the switch of the accept for the national bank, a 2 term President and enamor part of the founding of the body politic, James capital of Wisconsin is wizard of the most grievous figures in American history.James capital of Wisconsin became involved in the physical composition of a invigorated nation the United recounts of America at an early on age. At only the a ge of 24, capital of Wisconsin served in the Virginia state legislative body from 1776, until 1779.1 It was then that capital of Wisconsin became a protg for Thomas Jefferson and the two would cut back very close together until Jeffersons death fifty eld later(prenominal). The two shared similar mental pictures on government. capital of Wisconsin was instrumental, along with the suffice of Jefferson, in drafting the Declaration of Religious Freedom which disestablished the Church of England and bust up any claims towards power that the church attempted to fall in in state matters.One of these was Patrick Henrys push for an involuntary post horse to be paid to the congregation of ones own choice. Madison and Jefferson believed this to be a violation of the separation of church and state an base that is not found in the Constitution scarcely because of the efforts of Madison and Jefferson, many believe to this day is actually in the founding of this kingdom. It was and is a belief that many Americans hold very dear to their hearts.While in the State legislature, Madison became a strong assist of a strong substitution government a government which was impossible to flourish under the Articles of fusion which favored the rights of states and as a result, left an impotent federal government. This cerebration was shared by a large majority of his countrymen at this time who although many were advocates of states rights themselves, knew that the Articles of Confederation could no longer correctly govern the country.A Constitution was written in 1787 and ratified by all thirteen states in the immediately following years.2 Although seen as a foregone termination by the casual contemporary observer, our current governments system was not written in stone. Although a shy man in private, Madison pushed exceedingly hard for the views and beliefs that he felt in his heart, was in the exceed interest of the country. Madison was a loud and strong advocate for a three branch government as we have today as well as a strong federal government who, if look ated, could overrule the actions of the states if it was deemed to be a mistake and contrary to the good of the country as a whole.Madison made his opinions k outrightn in one of his most famous writings, who with Thomas Jefferson advocated their beliefs about where the government should be headed. In doing so, not only was Madison instrumental in forming a new political party with Jefferson The Republicans, who would later be known as the populist Republicans, but his writings would cement him as one of the most central of the Founding Fathers. Madison statedIn the first place, it is to be remarked that, up to now small the republic may be, the representatives must be raised to a definite number, in order to guard against the cabals of a few and that, until now large it may be, they must be limited to a certain number, in order to guard against the confusion of a multitude. Hen ce, the number of representatives in the two cases not creation in proportion to that of the two constituents, and being proportionally great in the small republic, it follows that, if the proportion of fit characters be not less in the large than in the small republic, the author lead present a greater option, and consequently a greater probability of a fit choice.3Madison was stating how a large country and its many different interests and factions could till represent the people and their needs to a greater degree and support republican values better than a small country that was dominated by special interests. It would not be until the 20th century that Americans finally got around to recognizing the wisdom of Madison and adequate to a greater degree than ever before, this sentiment within the American government.Madison would fight hard for the ratification of the new Constitution but was not in favor of a quantity of Rights as he believed that it was not necessary and in cluded roles that, he felt, were not in the best interest of the federal government. Nevertheless, it was Madison who was the author of the Bill of Rights and as a result, forever cemented his legacy in American History. Madison originally advocated the need for twelve am land upments but it was later agreed on ten. Despite his sign reluctance towards a Bill of Rights, Madison was tireless in advocating the need for the passage of the amendments once he partook in the task of forming a Bill of Rights.Such a career would have been more than enough for one man and had Madisons career ended there, he would becalm have been talked about to this day. However, when Thomas Jefferson was elected the third president in 1800 and served from 1801 until 1809, he took Madison with him and made him the Secretary of State. As a result, Madison was instrumental in constructing one of the most lopsided international agreements in world history.The 1803 Louisiana Purchase, whos 830,000 square miles of land which stretched from the Mississippi River to the flinty Mountains and which cost $15 million, Madison was also instrumental in that plan of attack to pass.4 In doing so, America doubled the size of its land overnight.Never in human history had so more land been acquired in so little time. Jefferson had only expected to purchase the city of new-fashioned siege of Orleans but when Napoleon offered all of Louisiana, Madison jumped on the opportunity and notwithstanding the scoffing of the price tag by many members of Congress, made current to broker the deal. The implications for the country were huge and every day, from then until the end of time, America has and will continue to benefit from the Louisiana Purchase.After Thomas Jefferson walked by from the Presidency in 1809, Madison won the Presidency and would spend two terms in the White House. During his presidency, Madison would deal with two events which would come to define his presidency. The first was the ren ewal of the national banks charter which was scheduled to expire after twenty years in 1811. Since Madison fought the passage of the first national bank, he again was in resister to it again in 1811 and fought its renewal in 1811.5This would help to affect Madisons second mistake the allowance of another war with Britain. The absence seizure of a national bank made it increasingly difficult to finance a war. Throughout Jeffersons presidency, Americas Armed Forces, especially the Navy, was dismantled to much(prenominal) a size, that it became a non entity and was not considered a shove in the opinion of any of the worlds leaders. When it was recognized that Madisons impotence during the months leading up to the war and its consequences could not now be avoided, Madison did all that he could to incite as much public support as possible.Also, in all of American history, no president has lost his bid for reelection during a war neither did Madison who won reelection. The War of 1812 ended in another American victory and the signing of the treaty of Ghent in 1815 officially put an end to the war. Upon learning his lesson, Madison pushed for the formation of a national bank, although one that was stronger than the front one. With the help of such nationalist opinion from men such as John Calhoun and Daniel Webster, a second national bank was formed in 1816.6In the last years of the Madison presidency, James Madison go on to push for a strong central government and against states rights. In his last act before leaving office, Madison vetoed a bill for internal improvements because it was formed on the grounds of states rights. In his veto, Madison commented Having considered the bill I am constrained by the insuperable difficulty I feel in reconciling this bill with the Constitution of the United States.The powers vested in Congress are specified and it does not appear that the power proposed to be exercised by the bill is among the enumerated powers.7 Madison denied that such principle was supported by the General Welfare Clause in the Construction when he responded Such a view of the Constitution would have the effect of giving to Congress a general power of legislation instead of the defined and limited one hitherto understood to function to them.8This would highlight a continued debate which rages today What is the role of the federal government in the daily lives of its people? The answer continues to change and will most likely change again with the result of the next presidential election.Madison would retire to Montpelier, his home in Virginia. Madison was sixty phoebe bird then and would spend the rest of his life, incited by his anxiousness regarding his legacy, began to change the expound in his various writings and other forms of evidence which he later began to feel, portrayed a contrary message to the one which he hoped would be judged by history. Madison died on June 28, 1836, anxious about his ability to give up his a ctions to both himself and to historians.9 Historians in general have been kind to Madison. Madison was there when the country needed him the most and as a result, contemporary Americans are still enjoying the fruits of his labor and wisdom.WORKS CITEDBurns, Ken Thomas Jefferson Los Angeles duration Warner & phosphate buffer solution Productions 1997Commanger, Henry Steele Documents of American History impudent York one C Publications 1947Ellis, Joseph Founding Brothers The ultra Generation New York Alfred Knopf Publishers 2000Kuralt, Charles On the Road American Heritage New York CBS Productions 1989Wills, Gary James Madison The American President Series New York multiplication Books 20021 Kuralt, Charles On the Road American Heritage New York CBS Productions 1989 2 Ellis, Joseph Founding Brothers The subversive Generation New York Alfred Knopf Publishers 2000 pg. 156 3 Commanger, Henry Steele Documents of American History New York Century Publications 1947 branch ii. Pg 55 4 Kuralt, Charles On the Road American Heritage New York CBS Productions 1989 5 Burns, Ken Thomas Jefferson Los Angeles Time Warner & PBS Productions 1997 6 Burns, Ken Thomas Jefferson Los Angeles Time Warner & PBS Productions 1997 7 Commanger, Henry Steele Documents of American History New York Century Publications 1947 section iii. Pg 57 8 Kuralt, Charles On the Road American Heritage New York CBS Productions 1989 9 Wills, Gary James Madison The American President Series New York Times Books 2002 pg. 277